<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">کتابشناسی ترجمه های لاتین ازرساله های عربی درعلم نجوم و تنجیم </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right" /><p> </p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">برآورد می شود که حدود <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ده هزار نسخه دستنویس در زمینه ی اختر شناسی وعلم هیئت <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>به عربی، ترکی و فارسی در کتابخانه های مختلف <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سراسر جهان موجود باشد. (1) این دستنوشته ها کمتر مورد مراجعه و مطالعه</span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">ی</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> دانشمندان ترک،عرب و ایرانیان<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>قرار گرفته اند و گرد فراموشی و غفلت از آنها زدوده نشده است. کثیری از این رساله ها در قرون وسطی به زبان لاتین ترجمه شدند که باید گفت این ترجمه ها ی لاتین هم آنچنان که شایسته است مورد مطالعه ی محققان دنیای اسلام <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>قرار نگرفته اند و بسیار</span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">ی</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> از این رساله ها و یا اسامی اشخاص و یا اماکنی که در این رساله ها از آنها ذکری به میان امده ناشناخته مانده اند. فرانسیس کارمودی حدودا پنج دهه قبل با استفاده ازمطالعات لین ثورندایک <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>اقدام به چاپ کتابشناسی ترجمه های لاتینی رساله های عربی در زمینه ی اختر شناسی کرد. در این نوشتار به معرفی اجمالی کتابشناسی ارزشمند فرانسیس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>کارمودی می پردازیم.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">کارمودی در مقدمه ی کتاب خود از زحمات علمی جرج سارتون، بروکلمان و لین ثورندایک یاد کرده ، کتاب <b><i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تاریخ جادو و علم تجربی </i></b>لین ثورندایک را بسیاربا ارزش ارزیابی میکند. به گفته وی، "ثورندایک <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>گنجینه های زیادی از اسناد یافت و تا انجا که <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>توانست به شناسا ئی آنها و نقششان در تکامل تفکر غربی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>پرداخت.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>خدمت او به آیندگان بواسطه اطلاعات با ارزشیست که در پانوشت های بسیار عرضه کرد."( ص 2)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span> <span dir="rtl"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">کارمودی در کتابشناسی خود به معرفی 260 رساله لاتینی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>که برگردان رساله های عربی در زمینه علم نجوم وتنجیم است پرداخته است. علاوه بر آن 80 رساله ی دیگر را</span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> که به صورت کامل شناسایی نشده اند را ذکر کرده است .در پایان کتاب نیزفهرستی از 600 جمله آغازین از رساله های لاتینی ( صص 175-188) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>را آورده است. این فهرست بر اساس فهرست ثورندایک است. کارمودی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>جملات آغازین مقدمه ی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>نسخه ها را به علاوه جملات آغازین فصل های مختلف یک رساله را ذکر می کند تا امکان شناسایی پاره رساله های لاتین بیشترشود.از این روست که تعداد جملات آغازین از تعداد رساله های مورد اشاره بیشتر است.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">ترجمه های لاتین در فصول زیر به ترتیب زمان تالیف رساله های اصلی عربی دسته بندی</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>شده اند:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ستاره شناسان یونانی؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دوره اول (80-850 م)؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سنت نو (850-900 م )؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تالیفات مجهول؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دوره کلاسیک (860- 1020)؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">دوره دائرة المعارف (1000-1200)؛</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تألیفات غربی (1142-1350).</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ذیل هر نویسنده ی عربی نویس پس از مقدمه ی کوتاهی، فهرستی از ترجمه های لاتین اثار وی آمده است که با نام مترجمین لاتین آنها به شکل زیر بخش هایی در آمده اند. صدها رساله ی لاتین مکان یابی شده اند و تاریخ نسخه، تعداد برگ ها و نسخه هایی که چاپ شده اند نیز ذکر شده است. کارمودی اذعان دارد که فهرست وی از تر جمه های لاتینی رساله های عربی درزمینه ستاره شناسی ممکن است <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فقط حدود نیمی از نسخه های موجود را در بر بگیرد و بسیاری از نسخه ها هنوز ناشناخته مانده اند. اگر به تاریخ این ترجمه ها نگاه کنیم مشاهده می کنیم که این ترجمه ها تقریبا تماما مربوط به قرن دوازدهم می شوند، جان سویلی، افلاطون <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تیولی، ژرارد کرمونایی، هیو سانتالایی، هرمان کارنثیایی و رابرت چستری از جمله ی مترجمین هستند.(2) </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><i><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">ادوارد کندی </span></i><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">پس از بررسی کتاب کارمودی می نویسد:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><i><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">" برای ماشاء الله به تنهایی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>161 نسخه ی لاتین از آثار مختلف وی و برای ابو معشر 150 نسخه موجود است</span></i><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">."(3) <span lang="FA" dir="rtl">فصل</span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">اطلاعات جالبی راجع به این رساله مجهول، که گفته می شود<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span class="SpellE">Liber</span> <span class="SpellE">nouem</span> <span class="SpellE">iudicum</span> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">سلطان بابل زمانیکه فردریک دوم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>به بیت المقدس سفر می کند (1229م) بوی اعطا میکند، عرضه میکند . <i>مارسل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دستومبس </i>درنقد خود بر کتاب کارمودی این پرسش را مطرح می کند:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span><em>سؤالی که پیش می آید این است که آیا <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تصویری که این مطالعه ارائه می کند بازگو کننده ی تمام یا نسبت بزرگی و یا فقط بخشی از ستاره شناسی عربی نوشت در ترجمه های لاتین است". <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>همو ادامه می دهد: کمتر کسی می داند که، برای مثال، در قرن <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>14م<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ترجمه هایی اززیج های سنجری که<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>به سال 1115 م<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>به عربی نوشته شده بودند بدست کریسوخوسوس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وآرگیروس به زبان یونانی برگردانده شدند. ترجمه ی لاتینی که برای کاردینال بساریون به سال 1420 انجام گرفته هنوزدر کتابخانه ی مارسیانا نگهداری می شود. ایضا ترجمه های ایتالیایی و اسپانیایی از این رساله های عربی نیزدر این<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>کتابشناسی گنجانده نشده اند. برای مثال ذکری از ترجمه ی اسپانیایی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>زیج <span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">البتّانی نشده است.</span> این نسخه مشهور در آرسنال نگهداری می شود.<br /></em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دستومبس <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>در ادامه می نویسد:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>اگر نظری به فهرست مولفین شناخته شده بیاندازیم خواهیم دید که از 300-400<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ستاره شناس و ریاضی دان ایرانی یا عربی که در کتابشناسی های سوتر و بروکلمان<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ذکرشان رفته، فقط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>صحبت از27 ریاضی دان و یا ستاره شناس شناخته شده به میان آمده؛ یعنی کمتر از یک دهم از کل.هیچ ترجمه ای از حبش، صوفی، ابو الوفا، ابن یونس، کوشیار ابن لبّان، سگزی، عمر خیام، نصیر الدین، ابن شاطر،ابن سینا دیده نمی شود. ابو ریحان بیرونی ذکر شده است ولی هیچ کدام از آثار اصلی وی نیامده است...علاوه بر المجسطی بطلمیوس، فقط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دوجدول فلکی برگردانده شده، یعنی، جداول مسلمه-خوارزمی بر اساس اصل هندی، هند- سند، و جداول تولیدویی ارزاقل. این دومی حقیقتا از شهرت زیادی برخوردار بود و نسخه های بسیاری از این جدول همچنان نگهداری می شود. بخش کوچکی از جدول فلکی سومی وسیله ی ابن کمّاد ازطریق تنها نسخه ی بر جا مانده از آن شناخته شده است.</em> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">در نظر دستومبس جریان ترجمه در اوایل قرن 13 م متوقف شده است:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>یکی از آخرین آثار ترجمه<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>شده کتاب صورالکواکب، تالیف به سال 964، عبدالرحمن صوفی است که به سال 1224 در زمان حکمروایی امپراطور فردریک دوم ، شاید در پالرمو، و دوباره به سال 1256 به دستور الفونسو دهم به لاتین برگردانده شد.(4)</em></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span>خالی از فایده نیست که گفته شود کثیری ازترجمه های لاتینی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>آثار دانشمندان اسلامی همینطور اصل عربی آن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>آثار <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>از میان رفته اند.(مثلا در آتش سوزی کتابخانه ی اسکوریال اسپانیا )</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>در ذیل فهرست مطالب کتابشناسی پروفسور کارمودی می آید:</span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>مقدمه</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">کتابشناسی</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">بطلمیوس</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سایرستاره شناسان یونانی</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">بخش نخست: دوره نخست</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>[<span class="SpellE">Messehalla</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>1.ماشاء الله (پیش از 800)</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[Omar <span class="SpellE">Alfraganus</span> <span class="SpellE">Tiberiadis</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>(<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>2. طبری (وفات815 )</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Zahel</span> <span class="SpellE">Benbriz</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>3.سهل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Alcoarismi</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>4.خوارزمی</em></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Filii</span> <span class="SpellE">Moysi</span> <span class="SpellE">filii</span> <span class="SpellE">Sekir</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>5. بنو موسی ابن شاکر</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Albohali</span> <span class="SpellE">Alchait</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>6.ابوعلی الخیاط</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>بخش دوم: سنن جدید</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Hermes</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>7. هرمس</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Dorotheus</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> <span class="SpellE">Sidonius</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>[<span class="SpellE">Doronius</span>, <span class="SpellE">Dorochius</span>] </span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>8.دوروثیوس سیدونیوس</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Jirjis</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> [<span class="SpellE">Gergis</span>]</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">9.جرجیس ؟ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ناشناخته شاید جرجیس ابن عمید</span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Bethem</span></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">ناشناخته</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>10-بثم</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Al-<span class="SpellE">Qalander</span> [<span class="SpellE">Arcandam</span>, <span class="SpellE">Calendrinus</span>; <span class="SpellE">Argafalau</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>11-القلندر؟ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ناشناخته</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Alkindus</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>12-الکندی (وفات بعد از 870)</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Gafar</span>]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="rtl">12- الف.جعفر ایندوس ؟ناشناخته<span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Albumasar</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>13. ابومعشر جعفر ابن محمد بلخی (وفات 885)</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Sadan</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>13. الف. سدان ؟ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سعید شاذان ابن بحران </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Al-<span class="SpellE">Andruzgar</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">14- اندروزجار ؟ ابن زاده فرخ </span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>بخش سوم: تالیفات ناشناخته</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>15<span class="GramE">.Liber</span> <span class="SpellE">nouem</span> <span class="SpellE">iudicum</span> I</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>16<span class="GramE">.Liber</span> <span class="SpellE">nouem</span> <span class="SpellE">iudicum</span> II</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">بخش چهارم: دوره کلاسیک</span></em></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>[<span class="SpellE">Alfraganus</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>. <span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>17. الفرغانی ابو العباس احمد ابن محمد ابن کثیر</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Thebit</span> <span class="SpellE">Benchorat</span>]<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>( 901-830)</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">18. ثابت ابن قرّه ابن مروان الحرّانی ابو الحسن</span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Albategni</span>]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>19. البتّانی <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>محمد ابن جابر ابن سنان الحرّانی، ابو عبد الله</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Hametus</span> <span class="SpellE">filius</span> <span class="SpellE">Iosephi</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em> <span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>20. احمد ابن یوسف ابن ابراهیم ابو جعفر المصری <span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">912<span lang="FA" dir="rtl">وفات <span class="GramE">حدود </span></span></span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Quosti</span> <span class="SpellE">filius</span> Luce<span class="GramE">]<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">وفات</span></span></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"> حدود 912 </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">21. قسطا ابن لوقا بعلبکی</span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Rasis</span>, <span class="SpellE">Rhazes</span>, <span class="SpellE">Albubethi</span> <span class="SpellE">filii</span> <span class="SpellE">Zacharie</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span><em><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"><span lang="FA">22.</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> رازی </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Albubather</span> <span class="SpellE">Alkasan</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>23. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ابوبکر الحسن ابن الخصیب الفارسی الکوفی </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Haly</span> <span class="SpellE">Embrani</span><span class="GramE">]<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">وفات</span></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> 960 </span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><em> </em></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>24. علی عمرانی علی ابن احمد </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Alhacen</span>, <span class="SpellE">Aboali</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>25. حسن ابن هیثم </span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Abulcasim</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">26.المجریطی ابوالقاسم مسلمه ابن احمد المجریطی القرطبی<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></em></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">وفات1007</span></em></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em> </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>بخش پنجم: دوره دائرة المعارف ها</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em>[<span class="SpellE">Alcabitius</span> <span class="SpellE">Abdylaziz</span>] </em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>27.القبیصی عبد العزیز ابن عثمان ابن علی <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وفات 967<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em>[<span class="SpellE">Haly</span> <span class="SpellE">Abenragel</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>28.علی ابن ابی رجال</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="ltr"></span> <span dir="rtl"></span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Albiruni</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em> <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>29. بیرونی<span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">وفات 1048</span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Haly</span> <span class="SpellE">Abenrudian</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"><em>30.علی ابن رضوان<span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وفات 1068 </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></em></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Arzerchel</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>31 الزرقالی</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Alghazel</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>32-الغزالی</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Geber</span> <span class="SpellE">Aven</span> <span class="SpellE">Afflah</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>33. جابر ابن افلح</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>[<span class="SpellE">Abiyafar</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">34.احمد ابن یوسف ابن کمّاد</span></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">[ <span class="SpellE">Aven</span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> <span class="SpellE">Alpetraus</span>, <span class="SpellE">Abuysac</span>, <span class="SpellE">Alpetrangius</span>]</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span> </em></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>35. البطروجی ابو اسحاق</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>بخش ششم: تالیفات غربی</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>36.نظریات سماوی</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>37.جان سویلی</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>38.لئوپولد اتریشی</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>39. جان اشندنی</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">40-گیودو بناتی</span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">41- متفرقه</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>اعلام جملات آغازین</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>اَعلام اسامی خاص و موضوعات تخصصی</em></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span><em> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span><em> </em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Francis <span class="SpellE">Carmody’s</span> Bibliography</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Beitrage</span></span></span><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>z</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">. <span class="SpellE">Gesch</span>. <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">der</span></span> <span class="SpellE">philos</span>. u. <span class="SpellE">Theol</span>. des. <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" /><span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">Mittelalters</span></span></city /><span class="GramE">, <state w:st="on" />Munster</state /></span></place /><span class="GramE">, 1891 seq.</span></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Bibliotheca <span class="SpellE">Mathematica</span>, <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Leipzig</place /></city />: <span class="SpellE">Teubner</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>A.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span class="SpellE">Bjornbo’s</span> description of <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Florence</place /></city /> mss. In Bibl. Math., 1903-1912</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .25in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>C. <span class="SpellE">Brockelmann</span>, Geschichte <span class="SpellE">der</span> <span class="SpellE">arabischen</span> <span class="SpellE">litteratur</span>, <place w:st="on" /><span class="SpellE">Leyden</span></place />, 1898<span class="GramE">;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span class="SpellE">Supplementband</span></span>, 1937; Geschichte (rewritten), 1943</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>M. <span class="SpellE">Casiri</span>, Bibl. <span class="SpellE">Arabico-hispana</span> <span class="SpellE">escurialensis</span>, 2 <span class="GramE">vols.,</span> <place w:st="on" /><state w:st="on" />Madrid</state /></place />, 1760-1770.</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Catalogus</span></span></span><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> <span class="SpellE">codicum</span> <span class="SpellE">astrologicorum</span> <span class="SpellE">graecorum</span>, <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Brussels</city /></place />, 10 vols.</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>J. Corbett, Catalogue des mss. <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">alchimiques</span></span> <span class="SpellE">latins</span>, l, <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Brussels</city /></place />, 1939</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>H. <span class="SpellE">Derenbourg</span>, Les <span class="SpellE">Manuscrits</span> <span class="SpellE">arabes</span> de <span class="SpellE">l’Escurial</span>, 3 <span class="GramE">vols.,</span> <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Paris</city /></place />, 1884-1928</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>C.H. Haskins, Studies in the History of Mediaeval Science, <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Cambridge</place /></city />, 1924-1927</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>J. <span class="SpellE">Houzeau</span> and A. Lancaster, <span class="SpellE">Bibliographie</span> <span class="SpellE">generale</span> de <span class="SpellE">l’astronomie</span>, 2 <span class="GramE">vols.,</span> <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Brussels</city /></place />, 1882-1889</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Albertus</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> Magnus, De <span class="SpellE">libris</span> <span class="SpellE">licitis</span>, in Opera vol.5, <place w:st="on" />Lyon</place />, 1651, pp. 656-666</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>L. Thorndike on Hermetic texts in <span class="SpellE">Melanges</span> Pelzer, <place w:st="on" /><placetype w:st="on" />Univ.</placetype /> of <placename w:st="on" /><span class="SpellE">Louvain</span></placename /></place />, 1947</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Millas</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> <span class="SpellE">Vallicrosa</span>, Las <span class="SpellE">Traducciones</span> <span class="SpellE">orientales</span> en <span class="SpellE">los</span> <span class="SpellE">manoscritos</span> de la <span class="SpellE">Biblioteca</span> <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" /><span class="SpellE">Catedral</span> de Toledo</city />, <state w:st="on" />Madrid</state /></place />, 1942</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>C. <span class="SpellE">Nallino</span>, Al-<span class="SpellE">Battani</span> Opus <span class="SpellE">astronomicum</span>, vol. 1, <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Milan</place /></city />, 1903</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>G. <span class="SpellE">Sarton</span>, Introduction to the History of Science, 3 <span class="GramE">vols.,</span> 1927-1948</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">F.Saxl</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">, <span class="SpellE">Verzeichnis</span> <span class="SpellE">astrologischer</span> und <span class="SpellE">mythologischer</span> <span class="SpellE">illustrierter</span> <span class="SpellE">Handschriften</span> …, <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Heidelberg</city /></place />, 2 <span class="GramE">vols.,</span> 1915 and 1927</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>D.W. Singer, Catalogue of Latin and Vernacular Alchemical Manuscripts, vol. 3, <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Brussels</place /></city />, 1931</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>M. <span class="SpellE">Steinschneider</span>, <span class="GramE">“ Die</span> <span class="SpellE">Europaischen</span> <span class="SpellE">Ubersetzungen</span> <span class="SpellE">aus</span> <span class="SpellE">dem</span> <span class="SpellE">Arabischen</span> …,” <span class="SpellE">Sitzungsb</span>. <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">Der</span></span><span class="GramE"> k. <span class="SpellE">Akad</span>.</span> <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">der</span></span> <span class="SpellE">Wiss</span>. <span class="GramE">in</span> <span class="SpellE">Wien</span>, <span class="SpellE">phil.-hist</span>. <span class="SpellE">Kl</span>., vols. 149 (1905) and 151 (1906)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>L. Thorndike, History of Magic and Experimental Science, 4 vol., New York, 1923-1934 (plus notes from his letters to me)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>L.Thorndike and P. <span class="SpellE">Kibre</span>, <span class="GramE">A</span> Catalogue of <span class="SpellE">Incipits</span> of Mediaeval Scientific Writing in Latin, <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Cambridge</city />, <state w:st="on" />Mass.</state /></place />, 1937</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Zeitschrift</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> d. <span class="SpellE">deut</span>. <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">morgenlandische</span></span> <span class="SpellE">Gesellschaft</span></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>E. <span class="SpellE">Zinner</span>, <span class="SpellE">Verzeichnis</span> <span class="SpellE">der</span> <span class="SpellE">astronom</span>. <span class="GramE">Hands.</span> <span class="GramE">des</span> <span class="SpellE">deutschen</span> <span class="SpellE">kulturgebietes</span>, <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Munich</city /></place />, 1925</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="SpellE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Zeitschrift</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> fur Mathematic und <span class="SpellE">Physik</span>, <city w:st="on" /><place w:st="on" />Leipzig</place /></city />: <span class="SpellE">Teubner</span></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>Omnibus Editions</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">[Note.</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> Several copies of each edition have usually been consulted; they differ in imprint and pagination and are often bound factitiously with other editions, thus hiding their identity; they were studied primarily with reference to the texts they contain which are by Ptolemy.]</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1484 (Sept.) and 1484/1485 (Jan. 15), <span class="SpellE">venetiis</span>, per <span class="SpellE">Erhardum</span> <span class="SpellE">Ratdolt</span> (<span class="SpellE">Ptolemaei</span> <span class="SpellE">Quadripartitum</span>, <span class="SpellE">Centiloquium</span>, Hermes, <span class="SpellE">Bethem</span>, <span class="SpellE">Masha</span>’ <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">allah</span></span>, <span class="SpellE">Rasi</span>, <span class="SpellE">Sahl</span>) [<place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" /><span class="SpellE">Hain</span>-Cop.</city /> <postalcode w:st="on" />13543</postalcode /></place />, BM, BN, Census]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1492 (<span class="SpellE">Kal</span>. Jun.), <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, per me <span class="SpellE">Aluisium</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>(ابوبکر، هرمس، رازی)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></em></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>[Census]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1493/1494 (20 Dec., 13 <span class="SpellE">Kal</span>. Jan.), <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, per <span class="SpellE">Bonatum</span> <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">Locatellum</span></span><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>(</span><span class="SpellE">Quadripartitum</span>, <span class="SpellE">Centriloquiu</span>,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Abu <span class="SpellE">Bakr</span>, <span class="SpellE">Bethem</span>, Hermes, <span class="SpellE">Masha</span> Allah, <span class="SpellE">Razi</span>, <span class="SpellE">Sahl</span>) [<span class="SpellE">hain</span> 13544, BM, BN, <span class="SpellE">Cesus</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>4.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1501 (23 Feb.), <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, per Jo. <span class="SpellE">Baptistam</span> <span class="SpellE">Sessa</span> <span class="GramE">( Abu</span> <span class="SpellE">Bakr</span>, Hermes, <span class="SpellE">Razi</span>)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>5.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1507, <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, <span class="SpellE">Petrus</span> <place w:st="on" /><country-region w:st="on" />Liechtenstein</country-region /></place /> <span class="GramE">( Abraham</span> b. Ezra Opera, <span class="SpellE">Bethem</span>) [<span class="SpellE">Osler</span>]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>6.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1509, <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">Petrus</span></span><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><place w:st="on" /><country-region w:st="on" />Liechtenstein</country-region /></place /> (</span><span class="SpellE">Ptolemey</span>, <span class="SpellE">Liber</span> <span class="SpellE">nouem</span> <span class="SpellE">iudicum</span>, al-<span class="SpellE">Kindi</span>, <span class="SpellE">Masha</span> Allah, <span class="SpellE">Sahl</span>)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>7.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1519 (6 Feb.), <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span>, <span class="SpellE">mandato</span> <span class="SpellE">heredum</span> <span class="SpellE">Octauiani</span> <span class="SpellE">Scoti</span> (exact reprint of 1493) [BM, BN, Census]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>8.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1524/1525, <span class="SpellE">Venetiis</span> (G. <span class="SpellE">Trapezuntius</span>, Ali <span class="SpellE">ibn</span> <span class="SpellE">abi</span> r-<span class="SpellE">Rijal</span>, <span class="SpellE">Tabari</span>)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>9.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>1533 (Mar. and Apr.), <span class="SpellE">Basiliae</span>, ex <span class="SpellE">officina</span> <span class="SpellE">Ioannis</span> <span class="SpellE">Hervagii</span> (<span class="SpellE">Firmicus</span>, <span class="SpellE">Maternus</span>, Ptolemy, <span class="SpellE">Bethem</span>, Hermes, <span class="SpellE">Masha</span> Allah, <span class="SpellE">Razi</span>, <span class="SpellE">Sahl</span>, <span class="SpellE">Tabari</span>) [BN]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>10.1541 (reprint of 1533; <span class="GramE">Some</span> copies bear the imprint “<span class="SpellE">apud</span> <span class="SpellE">Henricum</span> <span class="SpellE">Petrum</span>”</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>11. 1546, <span class="SpellE">Norimbergae</span>, <place w:st="on" />I.</place /> <span class="SpellE">Monatus</span> <span class="GramE">et</span> <span class="SpellE">Ul</span>. <span class="SpellE">Neuber</span>, edited by I. Heller (<span class="SpellE">Abi</span> Ali, <span class="SpellE">Masha</span> <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">allah</span></span><span class="GramE"> )</span>; reprinted from same plates in 1549 [NY public.]<span lang="FA" dir="rtl"></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>12. 1549, <span class="SpellE">Norimbergae</span> (same imprint as ed. 1546: <span class="SpellE">masha</span> <span class="SpellE"><span class="GramE">allah</span></span>) [NY Public]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>13. 1551 <span class="GramE">( Mar</span>.), <span class="SpellE">Basiliae</span>, in <span class="SpellE">officina</span> H. Petri ( reprint of 1541)</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">[ BM</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">, BN, Census]</span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>14- 1551 <span class="GramE">( Apr</span>.) <span class="SpellE">Basiliae</span>, ex <span class="SpellE">ex</span> <span class="SpellE">officina</span> <span class="SpellE">Ioannis</span> <span class="SpellE">Heruagii</span> (per <span class="SpellE">Ioannem</span> <span class="SpellE">Heruagium</span>, (reprint of 1533) [BM, BN, Census]</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>15. 1557, <span class="SpellE">Basiliae</span>, reprint of 1541</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>16. 1559 (Sept.), <span class="SpellE">Basiliae</span>, <span class="SpellE">Petriana</span> (<span class="SpellE">Porphyrius</span>, Ptolemy, Abu <span class="SpellE">Ma’shar</span>)<span lang="FA" dir="rtl"></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>17. 1641, <span class="SpellE">Ulmae</span> (<span class="SpellE">Astronomica</span> <span class="SpellE">Aphoristica</span>: Ptolemy, Hermes, (<span class="SpellE">Razi</span>); reprinted (?) 1674, <span class="SpellE">Ulmae</span> (same contents); not seen</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</em></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>یاد داشت ها:</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>1- مراجعه کنید به:</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 6"> </span></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><city w:st="on" /><em><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA">Cambridge</span></span></city /><span class="GramE"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"> Concise History of Astronomy, Edited by Michael <span class="SpellE">Hoskin</span>, <place w:st="on" /><placename w:st="on" />Cambridge</placename /> <placetype w:st="on" />University</placetype /></place /> Press, 1999.</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">2-از میان مترجمینی که نامشان در کتابشناسی فرانسیس کارمودی آمده می توان به نام افراد زیر اشاره کرد:</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>John of Seville, Gerard of <span class="SpellE">Cremona</span>, Plato of <span class="SpellE">Trivoli</span>, Canon <span class="SpellE">Salio</span> or Solomon, Abraham bar <span class="SpellE">Hiyya</span>, <span class="SpellE">Aegidius</span> de <span class="SpellE">Tebaldis</span>, <span class="SpellE">Petrus</span> de <span class="SpellE">Regio</span>, <span class="SpellE">Yhuda</span> <span class="SpellE">ben</span> Moshe, Hugh of <span class="SpellE">Santalla</span>, Michael Scot, Herman of <span class="SpellE">Carinthia</span>, <span class="SpellE">Adelard</span> of Bath, Robert of Chester, Abraham <span class="SpellE">Ibn</span> Ezra, William of Aragon, William de <span class="SpellE">Lunis</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>3- </em></span><em><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA">نگاه کنید به:</span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><em>Review author[s]: E. S. Kennedy<span class="GramE">,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Speculum</span>, Vol. 32, No. 2. (Apr., 1957), pp. 339-341</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><em>-نگاه کنید به:</em></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="ltr"></span><em>4<span lang="FA" dir="rtl"></span></em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" /><p><em> </em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><em><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN">Review author[s]: M. <span class="SpellE">Destombes</span> Isis, Vol. 49, No. 4. (Dec., 1958),</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><span dir="ltr"></span><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>pp. 457-458</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-ansi-language: EN"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" /><p><em> </em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><em>معادل لاتین اسامی خاص فوق الذکر:</em></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align="right"><span lang="FA" dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal"><em>Cardinal <span class="SpellE">Bessarione</span>, <span class="SpellE">Marciana</span> Library, <span class="SpellE">Chrysococcus</span>, <span class="SpellE">Argyros</span>.</em></p><p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>El <span class="SpellE">Escorial</span>, incipit, Explicit, <span class="SpellE">Toledan</span> Tables, H. <span class="SpellE">Suter</span>, Fredric II,</em></p><p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Alfonso X</em></p><p /><p><em> </em></p><p /><p><em> نام کامل کتاب کارمودی:</em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em>Arabic Astronomical and Astrological Sciences in Latin translation<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA"></span></em></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em>A critical Bibliography by Francis J. <span class="SpellE">Carmody</span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><em><span class="GramE">University</span></placetype /><span class="GramE"> of <placename w:st="on" />California</placename /> Press <city w:st="on" />Berkeley</city /> and <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Los Angeles</city /></place />.</span> 1956</em></p>
جمعه ۳۰ شهريور ۱۳۸۶ ساعت ۱۱:۰۱
نمایش ایمیل به مخاطبین
نمایش نظر در سایت
۲) از انتشار نظراتی که فاقد محتوا بوده و صرفا انعکاس واکنشهای احساسی باشد جلوگیری خواهد شد .
۳) لطفا جهت بوجود نیامدن مسائل حقوقی از نوشتن نام مسئولین و شخصیت ها تحت هر شرایطی خودداری نمائید .
۴) لطفا از نوشتن نظرات خود به صورت حروف لاتین (فینگلیش) خودداری نمایید .
برخي اصلاحات:
سگزي > سجزي
هند سند > سند هند
نسخه يوناني يا لاتيني برخي کتابهاي عربي اخيرا تصحيح شده اند: مثلا نسخه يوناني زيج علايي که نسخه عربي آن در دست نيست و توسط گريگوري کيونيادس به لاتين ترجمه شده است، توسط مرحوم پروفسور ديويد پينگري در 1985 و ترجمه يوناني زيج سنجري (باز از کيونيادس) توسط شاگرد وي جوزف ليشتر در 2004 ويرايش و منتشر شده است.
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